If a question is directed at an individual student, reactions can be observed similar to those of prey in the face of the hunter. Students fall into a state of shock or overreact in a way that is not very effective.
Questions should therefore always be addressed to at least two students and time should be allowed for reflection in a protected dialogue space. In the discussion with a neighbour, much more well-founded answers usually emerge or new questions arise, the introduction of which can contribute to the progress of the course. During the dialogue, answers can be sought in or compared with definitions, theories and bodies of knowledge that are already known.
There should then be a short period of time to record the results on moderation cards. These can then be discussed individually, collated and sorted/structured.